Hellenistic Period

319 BC: The Tegeans and all of the Arcadians support Polyperchon in his conflict against Cassander. Polyperchon was appointed regent by Antipater.

317 BC: The news of king Philip’s III Arrhidaeus and his wife Eurydice’s assassination by Olympias makes Cassander to negotiate terms with the Tegeans and raise the siege of Tegea.

267 BC: Chremonidean war. Tegea, Mantineia, Orchomenus, Phigaleia and Caphyai side with the Athenians and stand by Ptolemy II Philadelphus, the King of Egypt. The rest of the Arcadians side with Antigonus II Gonatas, the King of Macedonia, who eventually prevails.

235 BC: Megalopolis joins the Achaean League. The rest of the Arcadians gradually follow.

228 BC: Tegea joins the Aetolian League. In the same year, Tegea is conquered by the reformist Spartan king Cleomenes III.

227 BC: Cleomenes III occupies Velemina and Athenaion. Aratus tries to regain Tegea, but he fails.

225 BC: Cleomenes III gives Tegea its autonomy, which will last for three years.

222 BC: The arrival of the Macedonian army under king Antigonus III Doson in the Peloponnese undermines the autonomy of the Arcadian cities. After being besieged, Tegea surrenders and accepts the presence of a Macedonian garrison. Mantineia gets destroyed. Orchomenus, Thelpousa and Heraia get under the control of the Macedonians. Cleomenes III occupies Megalopolis. The city is razed to the ground. After the victory at Sellasia, as far as Tegea is concerned, Antigonus Doson reinstates the “patrios politeia” and withdraws the Macedonian garrison.

218 BC: Tegea is occupied by the Spartans. The Tegeans resort to “Akra” or “Phylaktris,” the fortified acropolis of the city. The Spartans return to Laconia empty handed.

210 BC: The tyrant of Sparta Machanidas occupies Tegea.

207 BC: Machanidas is killed by Philopoemen in a battle near Mantineia. Tegea rejoins the Achaean League.

202 BC: Achaean League sides with the Romans.

183 BC: Philopoemen, the “last of the Greeks”, is honored by the Arcadians. The Tegeans, erect his bronze statue in agora and at a short distance from the theater.

168 BC: One thousand eminent Achaeans are taken to Rome as hostages after the end of the Third Macedonian War. Sixteen years later, only three hundred return back to their homeland. Among them was the famous Greek historian Polybius.

146 BC: The Achaean League is defeated by the Romans in the battles of Skarpheia and Leukopetra. Corinth is besieged and razed to the ground by Lucius Mommius. Mommius demands that Peloponnesian cities demolish their defense walls. The Romans establish the Province of Macedonia and Achaia.

31 BC: Octavian punishes the Tegeans for their siding with Marcus Antonius during the civil war. The ivory cult statue of Athena Alea, a masterpiece of Endoios, was transported to Rome. From the temple of Athena Alea even the tusks of the Calydonian Boar are removed.